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Types of Coffee Beans Behind every cup of coffee we sip there are beans that have been carefully graded. These beans are graded on color, size and shape. The AA rating is given to coffee beans that meet the criteria above, with the exception that they are not allowed to have more than 3 defects (quakers). Typically these are Kenya AA beans. Arabica Arabica coffee beans are also known as Coffea Arabicica and are the most coveted coffee bean in the world. According to legend coffee was discovered by the goatherder of Ethiopia after he observed that his herd was more full of energy when they ate the fruit of the plant. This led him to experiment with roasting and brewing the seeds, creating the drink we all know and love to this day. Although a variety of coffee plants exist however, there are two main species that are used to create the basis for our favorite drinks: arabica and robusta. The former is generally considered superior to the latter and this is evident in the taste of the finished beverage. There are many different arabica cultivars. Each one has their own distinctive taste. Typica and Bourbon are two of the most popular arabica cultivars. The other arabica varieties were developed from these two varieties either by natural mutations or intentional crossbreeding. Scott Labs developed the SL28 cultivar in Kenya which is famous for its distinct chocolaty flavor. The flavor of an arabica variety depends on the conditions under which it was grown, and also the way it was handled and roasted. For instance, the type of shade that a tree receives as well as its altitude and soil composition can all play a influence on the final outcome. Robusta Robusta coffee beans, also known as coffee canephora, are the second most used kind of coffee beans. These beans are commonly used in instant coffees. They also contain twice as much caffeine than Arabica Coffee Beans. They also are used to make many espresso blends – especially for cappuccino, caffe latte and various other beverages that are coffee-based. Coffea Canephora is an African plant that was first discovered in Sub-Saharan Africa. It has been grown all over the world since. It is able to grow at lower altitudes and is able to withstand higher temperatures than the Arabica coffee plant, which makes it a better crop for farmers. Vietnam is the world's biggest producer of robusta followed by Brazil and Indonesia. The robusta plant is a good coffee however it's not the most popular among cupping enthusiasts due to its bitter taste and burnt-rubber notes. Most major coffee companies utilize arabica bean for their premium coffees because it's considered to be lower-quality coffee. The demand for specialty coffees is increasing and small roasters are experimenting to make the most of its exceptional qualities. Our Valhalla Java and Death With Coffee are two examples of outstanding robusta coffees. They are mixed with arabica to create the perfect balance of flavor and strength. The coffees are carefully sourced from Uganda where robusta has been grown for centuries. Read more about these coffees. Liberica Liberica coffee beans are rare varieties that are rarely used in the world. They account for less than 2% of worldwide coffee consumption. They are often overlooked due to the fact that they don't have the same amount of caffeine as Arabica and Robusta do. These beans have a unique taste that a majority of coffee drinkers find appealing. Liberica coffee beans, although extremely rare they are still very popular in certain parts of Asia. They are particularly popular in Malaysia and Indonesia as they have large Muslim population. In these countries, the coffee industry has been very strong for many years. Drinking a cup coffee after a prayer is an integral part of their tradition. Liberica coffee's roots go back to the 1890s after a worldwide epidemic caused by rust on the coffee leaf destroyed the arabica crop. light roast coffee beans prompted coffee producers to search for a more robust plant that could thrive in tropical climates. They soon discovered the Liberica. Liberica plants are resistant to pests and diseases which makes them a great replacement for the devastated arabica crop. Liberica also has the ability to thrive in hot temperatures and lower altitudes, allowing it to thrive in the climate of Southeast Asia. This is the reason why, today, most of the coffee produced in the Philippines, Indonesia, and Malaysia is derived from Liberica beans. Excelsa Although it's not common for coffee lovers to find excelsa beans, they are gaining the reputation of having a distinct flavor. According to Komal Sable of South India Coffee Co. who is a fifth-generation farmer of coffee, these beans are similar to the teardrop form, but are smaller. It is important to note that despite the resemblance in family between excelsa and liberica however, this species is not distinct from either. It's not easy to categorize excelsa beans. This confusion is responsible for the lack of their presence in the contemporary coffee world. Many roasters, farmers, and brewers have no idea how to properly cultivate and utilize these beans. It's up to each person to decide if they like the taste of excelsa and it might take some time to find the right blend. The key is to be open-minded and give each type of coffee you can until you discover one you truly love. By doing so, you'll be able to enjoy the full possibilities that these unique beans can offer. It's a trip that's worth the journey.